Deep drawing of press hardening steels

Delayed Cracking of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steels after Deep Drawing

In metastable austenitic stainless steels, strain-induced martensitic transformation during plastic deformation enhances work hardening of the material, increasing its strength and in some cases also ductility.1,2) The presence of α’-martensite, however, may increase the susceptibility of these materials to hydrogen embrittlement phenomena, for example delayed cracking.3–6) Delayed cracking can...

Duplex Hardening of Steels for Aeroengine Bearings

Duplex hardening is a process in which conventional heat-treatments such as secondary or case hardening are followed up by surface nitriding to achieve exceptional properties, particularly in the context of aeroengine bearings. Hardness values in excess of 1 000 HV can in principle be achieved, and although the hardness decreases as a function of depth below the surface, some level of enhanceme...

Secondary Hardening in High Speed Steels

An Investigation Into the Effects of Friction and Anisotropy Coefficients and Work Hardening Exponent on Deep Drawing With FEM

Large strains, anisotropy of mechanical properties of materials and Coulomb friction in contact regions are some properties in the analysis of deep drawing process. In this research, the effects of different parameters such as anisotropy coefficient, work hardening exponent and friction coefficient on deep drawing process of drawing quality steel are studied. For this purpose, the finite elemen...

Complex Approach Mechanical Properties and Formability Assessment of Selected Deep-drawing Steels

The demands for properties of deep-drawing materials are continuously growing, while new processing technologies and testing procedures to assess the deep-drawing properties are looked for. The formability of materials is influenced by all factors participating in the forming process, namely the sheet material, the product type, the tool and the production technology of a pressing. Indicative i...